Describe the FIFO method and provide a scenario where it is essential in medical stores.

• A. For multi-dose vials and products with limited shelf life
• B. For non-perishable items
• C. For high-cost items only
• D. For expired stock removal

Answer: (A)

FIFO means using the oldest stock first so nothing expires in storage. In medical stores this approach is crucial because many items have a limited shelf life or a beyond-use time once opened, especially multi-dose vials, vaccines, antibiotics, insulin, and other biologics. By dispensing the oldest lots first, you minimize waste from expiry and help ensure that each patient receives medicines at their intended potency and safety window.

For example, a pharmacy might receive two lots of a vaccine on different dates with different expiry dates. If the newer lot is used before the older one, the older vial could expire before being used, leading to wastage and shortages of usable vaccine. FIFO prevents that scenario by prioritizing the oldest stock for dispensing.

Non-perishable items don’t face the same urgency, and handling of high-cost items or separate expiry-removal procedures aren’t what FIFO is primarily about; FIFO is specifically about preventing expiry-related waste and maintaining product quality for items with limited shelf life.